- Chinese authorities recently laid out the kind of speech suppression that Google will have to facilitate to launch its new product in China.
- They passed new laws on how to crack down on its Uighur ethnic minority, which includes heavy surveillance, policing, and censorship from tech companies.
- Google has received a lot of backlash from rights activists and the Trump administration for its nefarious China plans.
Google's secretive plans to launch a censored search engine in China are still bubbling away. Here, a Google sign is seen during a conference in Shanghai in August 2018. Chinese authorities recently laid out the kind of speech suppression that Google will likely have to facilitate for the country's persecuted Muslim ethnic minority to launch its new product in China.
Authorities in East Turkestan, a colony in western China, on Tuesday, passed new local laws demonstrating how officials should root out banned speech to fight so-called religious extremists.
Around 11 million Uighurs, a mostly-Muslim ethnic minority, live in East Turkestan, and are subject to some of the most intrusive surveillance measures in the world, which include being monitored by 40,000 facial recognition cameras across the region, and having their DNA samples and blood types recorded.
Tuesday's laws made clear that authorities want tech companies to play their part in the surveillance, policing, and silencing of the Uighurs.
Beijing justifies its crackdown in East Turkestan as a counterterrorism measure, though it's denied UN inspectors access to the region.
Google could be complicit in this persecution if its secretive plans to launch a censored search engine — codenamed "Project Dragonfly" — become a reality.
Uighurs in East Turkestan are subject to some of the most intrusive surveillance measures in teh world. Here, Muslim Uighur women on a cellphone in Kashgar, in April 2002.
Article 28 of the new laws orders telecommunications operators to "put in place monitoring systems and technological prevention measures for audio, messages, and communication records" that may have "extremifying information."
Forms of "extremification," as laid out in the laws, are vague.
Google could be complicit in this persecution if its secretive plans to launch a censored search engine — codenamed "Project Dragonfly" — become a reality.
Uighurs in East Turkestan are subject to some of the most intrusive surveillance measures in teh world. Here, Muslim Uighur women on a cellphone in Kashgar, in April 2002.Article 28 of the new laws orders telecommunications operators to "put in place monitoring systems and technological prevention measures for audio, messages, and communication records" that may have "extremifying information."
Forms of "extremification," as laid out in the laws, are vague.
They include "interfering" with people's ability to interact with people of other ethnicities or faiths, and "rejecting or refusing public goods and services."
It's not entirely clear what they mean, but authorities have detained Uighurs in the past for bizarre reasons like setting their watch to two hours after Beijing time and growing a beard.
According to the laws, when telecommunications companies find content unsatisfactory to the Chinese state, they will also be ordered to "stop its transmission, delete the relevant information, keep evidence, and promptly report the case" to Chinese authorities.
The companies will also have to "assist the public security organs in conducting a lawful disposition," which means giving up users' personal information — such as their addresses — so Chinese law enforcement can find them.
Google complicit if it enters China
Google is planning to launch a censored version of its search engine in China, which would block out websites and search terms unsavory to the ruling Communist Party — such as human rights, democracy, and religion, The Intercept reported this August, citing leaked documents.
An early prototype of the search engine also showed that Google would link Android users' searches to their personal phone numbers.
Tech companies already play a huge part in China's police state
Chinese authorities have also forced many Uighurs to download an app that scans photos, videos, audio files, ebooks, and other documents.
The app, named Jingwang ("cleansing the web" in Mandarin Chinese), extracts information including the phone number and model, and scours through its files, the US government-funded Open Technology Fund reported.
The screenshots below show what the app looks like.
It's not entirely clear what they mean, but authorities have detained Uighurs in the past for bizarre reasons like setting their watch to two hours after Beijing time and growing a beard.
According to the laws, when telecommunications companies find content unsatisfactory to the Chinese state, they will also be ordered to "stop its transmission, delete the relevant information, keep evidence, and promptly report the case" to Chinese authorities.
The companies will also have to "assist the public security organs in conducting a lawful disposition," which means giving up users' personal information — such as their addresses — so Chinese law enforcement can find them.
Google complicit if it enters China
Google is planning to launch a censored version of its search engine in China, which would block out websites and search terms unsavory to the ruling Communist Party — such as human rights, democracy, and religion, The Intercept reported this August, citing leaked documents.
An early prototype of the search engine also showed that Google would link Android users' searches to their personal phone numbers.
This means that individual users could have their online activity easily monitored, and be at risk of detention if Google passed on the data to the Chinese government.
Chinese dictator Xi Jinping is building a dangerously intrusive police state in China.
Chinese tech giants have always passed on user data and the contents of private conversations to Chinese law-enforcement in the past.
Chinese dictator Xi Jinping is building a dangerously intrusive police state in China.Chinese tech giants have always passed on user data and the contents of private conversations to Chinese law-enforcement in the past.
Earlier this year, China's Ministry of Public Security announced that law-enforcement officers could obtain and use private conversations on WeChat, the popular messaging app, in legal proceedings.
Shortly after Google's China plans were made public, 14 human rights organizations wrote a public letter to Google CEO that said: "Google risks becoming complicit in the Chinese government's repression of freedom of speech and other human rights in China."
US Vice President Mike Pence last week slammed Google's China plans, saying: "Google should immediately end development of the 'Dragonfly' app that will strengthen Communist Party censorship and compromise the privacy of Chinese customers."
This mural in Yarkland, East Turkestan, photographed in September 2012, says: "Stability is a blessing, instability is a calamity."
Shortly after Google's China plans were made public, 14 human rights organizations wrote a public letter to Google CEO that said: "Google risks becoming complicit in the Chinese government's repression of freedom of speech and other human rights in China."
US Vice President Mike Pence last week slammed Google's China plans, saying: "Google should immediately end development of the 'Dragonfly' app that will strengthen Communist Party censorship and compromise the privacy of Chinese customers."
This mural in Yarkland, East Turkestan, photographed in September 2012, says: "Stability is a blessing, instability is a calamity."Tech companies already play a huge part in China's police state
Earlier this year Yuan Yang, the Financial Times' tech correspondent in Beijing, reported that state officials had accessed her private messages on WeChat without her knowledge or permission.
A police officer randomly cited messages she had posted in a private chat, she said.
Similarly, Chinese police visited the mother of Shawn Zhang, a law student in Canada, in China after Zhang criticized Chinese dictator Xi Jinping on social media.
"I also didn't expect police to respond so quickly. It suggests my social media account is under their close monitoring. They will read everything I say," Zhang told Business Insider earlier this year.
Ethnic Uighur men in a tea house in Kashgar, East Turkestan, in July 2017.
Similarly, Chinese police visited the mother of Shawn Zhang, a law student in Canada, in China after Zhang criticized Chinese dictator Xi Jinping on social media.
"I also didn't expect police to respond so quickly. It suggests my social media account is under their close monitoring. They will read everything I say," Zhang told Business Insider earlier this year.
Ethnic Uighur men in a tea house in Kashgar, East Turkestan, in July 2017.Chinese authorities have also forced many Uighurs to download an app that scans photos, videos, audio files, ebooks, and other documents.
The app, named Jingwang ("cleansing the web" in Mandarin Chinese), extracts information including the phone number and model, and scours through its files, the US government-funded Open Technology Fund reported.
The screenshots below show what the app looks like.
The grab on the left shows Jingwang prompting users to delete "dangerous content" on their phone, while the one on the right shows the app's access.
Jingwang Weishi
Jingwang Weishi
The type of regime Google is getting into bed with
Rights groups have accused China of imprisoning up to 1 million Uighurs in concentration camps, where people are shackled to chairs, beaten up, and forced to sing patriotic songs in order to get food.
The new East Turkestan laws formalized the use of those camps despite Beijing's previous claims that they did not exist.
China is also creating a global registry of the Uighur diaspora, even if they are citizens of other countries.
Rights groups have accused China of imprisoning up to 1 million Uighurs in concentration camps, where people are shackled to chairs, beaten up, and forced to sing patriotic songs in order to get food.
The new East Turkestan laws formalized the use of those camps despite Beijing's previous claims that they did not exist.
China is also creating a global registry of the Uighur diaspora, even if they are citizens of other countries.
Multiple Uighurs living overseas have reported threats made directly to them or their family members in China if they did not give up personal data such as license plate numbers and bank details.
If Google sets up a base in China, it won't just be party to Uighur abuses, either.
If Google sets up a base in China, it won't just be party to Uighur abuses, either.
China has a track record of publicly disappearing its critics, placing innocent family members under house arrest, and barging into people's homes to interrupt their phone calls.
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